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Medical Expense Reimbursement plans (MERP’s) – Section §105
are also known as Health Reimbursement Accounts (HRA’s).
Wraps – Self Funding

MERP’s, Wraps (see Ben E Lect for further discussion and how many Insurance Companies do NOT allow wraps – Blue Cross requires a signed statement that you won’t do it) and HRA’s allow an employer to pay Self Fund (Ben E Lect) and possibly save thousands of $$$, for his and the employees uninsured medical care for the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease, or for the purpose of affecting any structure or function of the body. and deduct them. ^{(§IRC §213 (d), IRS Publication 502 Allowable Medical Expenses Internal Revenue Code (IRC) §105 Publication 969)}

The employee does not have to report income as long as the plan complies with §106 and §105 (b) and Rev Ruling 2-41 The funding for medical expenses can be pay as you go.

Aetna, Kaiser UHC and Health Net offer HRA’s & HSA’s (Health Savings Accounts).
Please email [email protected] or call us 310.519.1335 to discuss further.

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ust click on HRA or HSA when you get to this screen for employers, after entering your census. Individuals and families click here

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Technical Links Top

Section §105 Discrimination Testing, Rules & Definitions

IRS publication on Fringe Benefits 15 b

Tax Almanac
Treasury Regulations, Subchapter A, Sec. 1.105-11 Self-insured medical reimbursement plan

Tax Facts on Life Insurance Subscription required or email us your questions Top

E Flex Group.com

MERP’s Wikipedia

Explanation of above and below the line deductions Motley Fool.com

Tax Form HSA 8889 Instructions which is an Attachment to Form 1040 Instructions

us tax court.gov Opinions Search

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Purchase Plan Documents It is not necessary for tax purposes that the plan be in writing or that the employee’s rights to benefits under the plan be enforceable. For example, an employer’s custom or policy of continuing wages during disability, known to the employees generally, has been held to constitute a plan. Niekamp v. U.S. , 240 F. Supp. 195 (E.D. Mo. 1965); Pickle, TC Memo 1971-304

Sample Resolution

Sample Plan Document

Qualified Filing Statuses Top While the above rulings specifically address family employment in a sole proprietorship, corporations and partnerships may also take advantage of Section §105 plan. Additionally, employers seeking to offer non-related employees a medical benefits package may also implement such a plan. Here is how a Section 105 plan would work within the various filing statuses S-Corporations S-Corporations can qualify for a Section §105 plan,

Two percent or greater shareholder must pay attention to these special rules

Revenue Ruling 91-26 and
Announcement 92-16

Employees not owning stock in the corporation may realize substantial savings by participating in a Section 105 plan. (tasc online.com/)

§3121. Definitions (a) Wages For purposes of this chapter, the term ?wages? means all remuneration for employment, including the cash value of all remuneration (including benefits) paid in any medium other than cash; except that such term shall not include? (2) the amount of any payment (including any amount paid by an employer for insurance or annuities, or into a fund, to provide for any such payment) made to, or on behalf of, an employee or any of his dependents under a plan or system established by an employer which makes provision for his employees generally (or for his employees generally and their dependents) or for a class or classes of his employees (or for a class or classes of his employees and their dependents), on account of? (B) medical or hospitalization expenses in connection with sickness or accident disability, or

Administrators Top

Assoc. §105 Eflex 3rd Party Administrators

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Internal Revenue Code § 105. Amounts received under accident and health plans

(a) Amounts attributable to employer contributions

Except as otherwise provided in this section, amounts received by an employee through accident or health insurance for personal injuries or sickness shall be included in gross income to the extent such amounts

(1) are attributable to contributions by the employer which were not includible in the gross income of the employee, or

(2) are paid by the employer.

(b) Amounts expended for medical care

Except in the case of amounts attributable to (and not in excess of) deductions allowed under section 213 (relating to medical, etc., expenses) for any prior taxable year, gross income does not include amounts referred to in subsection (a) if such amounts are paid, directly or indirectly, to the taxpayer to reimburse the taxpayer for expenses incurred by him for the medical care (as defined in section 213(d)) of the taxpayer, his spouse, and his dependents (as defined in section 152, determined without regard to subsections (b)(1), (b)(2), and (d)(1)(B) thereof). Any child to whom section 152 (e) applies shall be treated as a dependent of both parents for purposes of this subsection.

Gross income does not include amounts referred to in subsection (a) to the extent such amounts—

(1) constitute payment for the permanent loss or loss of use of a member or function of the body, or the permanent disfigurement, of the taxpayer, his spouse, or a dependent (as defined in section 152, determined without regard to subsections (b)(1), (b)(2), and (d)(1)(B) thereof), and

(2) are computed with reference to the nature of the injury without regard to the period the employee is absent from work.

[(d) Repealed. Pub. L. 98–21, title I, § 122(b), Apr. 20, 1983, 97 Stat. 87]

(e) Accident and health plans

For purposes of this section and section 104—

(1) amounts received under an accident or health plan for employees, and

(2) amounts received from a sickness and disability fund for employees maintained under the law of a State or the District of Columbia, shall be treated as amounts received through accident or health insurance.

(f) Rules for application of section 213

For purposes of section 213 (a) (relating to medical, dental, etc., expenses) amounts excluded from gross income under subsection (c) or (d) shall not be considered as compensation (by insurance or otherwise) for expenses paid for medical care.

(g) Self-employed individual not considered an employee

For purposes of this section, the term “employee” does not include an individual who is an employee within the meaning of section 401 (c)(1) (relating to self-employed individuals).

(h) Amount paid to highly compensated individuals under a discriminatory self-insured medical expense reimbursement plan

(1) In general

In the case of amounts paid to a highly compensated individual under a self-insured medical reimbursement plan which does not satisfy the requirements of paragraph (2) for a plan year, subsection (b) shall not apply to such amounts to the extent they constitute an excess reimbursement of such highly compensated individual.

(2) Prohibition of discrimination Top

A self-insured medical reimbursement plan satisfies the requirements of this paragraph only if—

(A) the plan does not discriminate in favor of highly compensated individuals as to eligibility to participate; and

(B) the benefits provided under the plan do not discriminate in favor of participants who are highly compensated individuals.

(3) Nondiscriminatory eligibility classifications

(A) In general

A self-insured medical reimbursement plan does not satisfy the requirements of subparagraph (A) of paragraph (2) unless such plan benefits—

(i) 70 percent or more of all employees, or 80 percent or more of all the employees who are eligible to benefit under the plan if 70 percent or more of all employees are eligible to benefit under the plan; or

(ii) such employees as qualify under a classification set up by the employer and found by the Secretary not to be discriminatory in favor of highly compensated individuals.

(B) Exclusion of certain employees

For purposes of subparagraph (A), there may be excluded from consideration—

(i) employees who have not completed 3 years of service;

(ii) employees who have not attained age 25;

(iii) part-time or seasonal employees;

(iv) employees not included in the plan who are included in a unit of employees covered by an agreement between employee representatives and one or more employers which the Secretary finds to be a collective bargaining agreement, if accident and health benefits were the subject of good faith bargaining between such employee representatives and such employer or employers; and

(v) employees who are nonresident aliens and who receive no earned income (within the meaning of section 911 (d)(2)) from the employer which constitutes income from sources within the United States (within the meaning of section 861 (a)(3)).

(4) Nondiscriminatory benefits

A self-insured medical reimbursement plan does not meet the requirements of subparagraph (B) of paragraph (2) unless all benefits provided for participants who are highly compensated individuals are provided for all other participants.

(5) Highly compensated individual defined

For purposes of this subsection, the term “highly compensated individual” means an individual who is—

(A) one of the 5 highest paid officers,

(B) a shareholder who owns (with the application of section 318) more than 10 percent in value of the stock of the employer, or

(C) among the highest paid 25 percent of all employees (other than employees described in paragraph (3)(B) who are not participants).

(6) Self-insured medical reimbursement plan

The term “self-insured medical reimbursement plan” means a plan of an employer to reimburse employees for expenses referred to in subsection (b) for which reimbursement is not provided under a policy of accident and health insurance.

(7) Excess reimbursement of highly compensated individual

For purposes of this section, the excess reimbursement of a highly compensated individual which is attributable to a self-insured medical reimbursement plan is—

(A) in the case of a benefit available to highly compensated individuals but not to all other participants (or which otherwise fails to satisfy the requirements of paragraph (2)(B)), the amount reimbursed under the plan to the employee with respect to such benefit, and

(B) in the case of benefits (other than benefits described in subparagraph (A) ^[1] paid to a highly compensated individual by a plan which fails to satisfy the requirements of paragraph (2), the total amount reimbursed to the highly compensated individual for the plan year multiplied by a fraction—

(i) the numerator of which is the total amount reimbursed to all participants who are highly compensated individuals under the plan for the plan year, and

(ii) the denominator ofwhich is the total amount reimbursed to all employees under the plan for such plan year.

In determining the fraction under subparagraph (B), there shall not be taken into account any reimbursement which is attributable to a benefit described in subparagraph (A).

(8) Certain controlled groups, etc.

All employees who are treated as employed by a single employer under subsection (b), (c), or (m) of section 414 shall be treated as employed by a single employer for purposes of this section.

(9) Regulations

The Secretary shall prescribe such regulations as may be necessary to carry out the provisions of this section.

(10) Time of inclusion

Any amount paid for a plan year that is included in income by reason of this subsection shall be treated as received or accrued in the taxable year of the participant in which the plan year ends.

(i) Sick pay under Railroad Unemployment Insurance Act

Notwithstanding any other provision of law, gross income includes benefits paid under section 2(a) of the Railroad Unemployment Insurance Act for days of sickness; except to the extent such sickness (as determined in accordance with standards prescribed by the Railroad Retirement Board) is the result of on-the-job injury.